TCP/IP is a suite of protocols that are used to transmit data over networks that use the Internet Protocol (IP). The main protocols in the TCP/IP suite are:

  1. IP (Internet Protocol): The core protocol of the TCP/IP suite, it is responsible for routing packets of data between devices on the network. It uses IP addresses to identify devices on the network, and it provides a logical addressing scheme for devices to find each other.
  2. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): A connection-oriented protocol that ensures that data is delivered reliably and in the correct order. It provides services such as flow control, error checking, and retransmission of lost packets.
  3. UDP (User Datagram Protocol): A connectionless protocol that is faster but less reliable than TCP. It is used for applications that do not require the reliability of TCP, such as streaming video and audio.
  4. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): The protocol used for sending and receiving web pages. It is built on top of TCP and is responsible for the request-response model of the web.
  5. HTTPS (HTTP Secure): An extension of HTTP that encrypts data sent over the internet to prevent eavesdropping. It uses the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols to provide security.
  6. FTP (File Transfer Protocol): A protocol used for transferring files between computers on a network. It is built on top of TCP and uses separate connections for control and data transfer.
  7. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): A protocol used for sending and receiving email messages. It is built on top of TCP and is responsible for the transfer of email messages between mail servers.
  8. DNS (Domain Name System): A system that translates human-readable domain names (such as www.google.com) into IP addresses. It is used to locate resources on the internet and is built on top of UDP.

These are the main protocols in the TCP/IP suite, but there are many other protocols and technologies that are also used in networking, such as DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), which assigns IP addresses to devices on a network, and ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), which maps IP addresses to hardware addresses.

It's important to note that each protocol in the TCP/IP suite has its own function and is designed to work together with the other protocols to transmit data over the network. They are used in different layers of the OSI model and work together to ensure that data is transmitted reliably and efficiently.